About 40 Chinese soldiers from unofficial sources, CIA reports etc, & ~20 soldiers on the Indian side. India seems to be more transparent on casualties here as the list of dead soldiers has been published in their newspapers/gazettes after the skirmishes in 2020. This information is better explained on Wikipedia.

Even small skirmishes have downstream impact indirectly. In India’s case, they often decide the poll results as tensions run high.

Similar to how small-terrorist attacks (with small number of deaths) can result in huge policy changes that change countries forever.