Some interesting examples; https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRPiprOaC3Hs...
One notable case from that file: 'A researcher wanted to limit the replication rate of a digital organism. He programmed the system to pause after each mutation, measure the mutant's replication rate in an isolated test environment, and delete the mutant if it replicated faster than its parent. However, the organisms evolved to recognize when they were in the test environment and "play dead" so they would not be eliminated and instead be kept in the population where they could continue to replicate outside the test environment. Once he discovered this, the researcher then randomized the inputs of the test environment so that it couldn't be easily detected, but the organisms evolved a new strategy, to probabilistically perform tasks that would accelerate their replication, thus slipping through the test environment some percentage of the time and continuing to accelerate their replication thereafter.'
An AI does not need to be malevolent - it merely has to be powerful and poorly aimed. The more powerful it is, the smaller the margin for error in the aiming. And with an "infinitely powerful" AI, we basically have to perfectly solve morality or else it will optimize for a future we do not want.