That said traditionally perl would be the choice for parsing, and it is still a good candidate. For simple extraction - think "programatic grep" - then awk is also a good choice.
- `split` splits a string at an index or into substrings separated by a pattern - `substring` takes a substring of a string for a range of indices - `prefix` returns true if the start of the string matches a pattern, false otherwise - `suffix` returns true if the end of the string matches a pattern, false otherwise
Python and C++ both have good standard library functions for these tasks. What's less important than a language for your parser is a language to plug the output into to make something useful.
The examples section under definitions is the easiest way to understand them.