Out of 6 banks across 2 EU countries, only two allowed for that.
Another one had dynamic CVV.
I assumed due to convenience and safety that virtual cards were more widespread in Europe, not least because of the requirements such as 3DS for card payments.
At least fintech companies like Revolut and N26 should be available for most Europeans and they offer virtual cards, though with other limitations/costs.
In France I know that Fortuneo gives that possibility, but for instance Boursorama or Credit Mutuel do not.
It is funny how the banking is different between countries in the EU. France is slowly making its way though the 90's while Poland uses a phone based transaction system (BLIK). I always saw Portugal as bing very modern in that way (you had chips on your identity cards for years, we just got them this year, with the new credit-card format of id cards)
Cards can be created to suit most cases such as one-time transactions, monthly subscriptions and "pre-paid" type cards with a defined total which are tied to one merchant. All multiple use cards are valid for a max of 12 months.