When somebody defected from the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, his/her relatives would be punished by being fired from good jobs and forbidden to take new ones; usually they had to do some harder and worse paid work. Unless they were members of the Party; in that case, their position was a bit shaken by a defection in family, but they usually could survive in place.

And yeah, their kids were either banned from studying interesting majors, or at least their education became more complicated.

This even concerned highly qualified people such as surgeons.