Maybe partially "strawman argument": when someone refutes an argument by proposing a counter point that refutes a related, but different, argument. It can even be stuff like: "Senator: I will vote to increase the public transportation budget. Public: Why don't you care about education?"

So here maybe more "survivorship bias": the bias of looking only at the top performers / the most visible ones, or here "those who made it". Ex: "Interviewer: How did you get to your position? Politician: I worked hard! I spend countless hours doing XXX etc...". Many other persons might have worked just as hard or even harder, but lacked the connection or simply the luck to make it.