Have they really? IMHO the whole concept of intentionally creating collectibles as a market started (and IMHO became possible) only after strict IP laws that could prevent anyone from making and distributing large quantities of items that should be rare by design.

My favorite example is the fictional collectible card game Gwent in Witcher 3, where the whole concept of rare/scarce cards is ridiculous in the absence of a single organization being able to enforce a monopoly on issuing Gwent cards; the actual expected result should be like ordinary cards, where everyone gets an ace of spades in their deck or chess where both players get a queen, no questions asked; for human-created marketable collectibles (as opposed to actual collections of butterflies or the like) the scarcity can only happen if artificially enforced.