The company asserts that developers are its business partners, and therefore Apple has a material interest in protecting those partners from being sued over technology that it has previously licensed. The heart of the dispute hinges on the licensing terms Apple received from Intellectual Ventures, though the details of those terms apparently cannot be publicly revealed.
Apple believes the licence it has protects its partners. Without seeing the terms of the licence it is impossible to say if this is the case, but it is certainly possible.
And it certainly seems silly that Apple would not have sought those terms in its license. Of course, patent licenses don't often appeal to common sense, but the one thing Apple has is foresight.
Apple needs this. Else it will potentially lose its 30% cut off all in-app purchases.
Not necessarily. There are limitations on patents that prevent you as a patent holder from successfully suing the customers who buy widgets from me for patent infringement if I have a valid license for that patent from you.
In this case, since the Intellectual Ventures ("Lodsys") patents cover both client and server mechanisms, and Apple owns and makes the server side processes, and Apple has a valid license, the argument is that the same principle applies.