Lots of detail on the architecture, in a paper with Jim Gray as a co-author:
https://jimgray.azurewebsites.net/papers/msr_tr_99_29_terras...
One of the hottest applications on the Internet of the time, and they hosted it on 8 servers!
Mind you as children we were perfectly able to fill in the blanks. Yet, the latest version with its highly variable and dynamic weather systems, with spectacular lighting, has really hit the mark for me.
It too uses Microsoft's storage to access data impossible to contain locally in entirety, be it Azure based this time. It would be interesting to learn more about this transition, if related.
DEC Alpha was the first readily available 64 bit architecture for micro/mini computer sizes. Terraserver was in part a demo of how powerful that was. So was Altavista, the first really successful Web search engine. It started as a DEC research demo program.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terraserver.com