In the cases where end-to-end vendor control over the hardware from the player's fingers to the HDMI out exists, yes that seems possible.

But on a PC? Where the user can install whatever software they like? Much harder.

It feels like stopping aimbots will ultimately fail as eventually we'll see bots that use machine-vision to spot heads and pick them off. You wouldn't even need to run it on the cheating machine, this could be a separate device doing passthrough on the mouse, keyboard, and monitor.