Buddhist philosophy also has a strong focus on showing that arbitrary conventions shouldn't be taken too seriously, and that a great deal of suffering arises as a result of believing too strongly in useful fictions.

Nāgārjuna is one particularly impressive philosopher of the Madhyamaka school, a school which he set the groundwork for in his book Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (Madhyamaka means middle way, a kārikā is a work composed of verses that concisely formulate some doctrine). There's a great translation and explanation by Mark Siderits and Shōryū Katsura if anyone is interested.

I think there are a lot of parallels with Wittgenstein's philosophy, and it speaks to Wittgenstein's genius that he was able to conceive of a similar philosophy largely independently.