A current problem with HIPAA is that the consent forms do not clearly enough describe what is being agreed to such that someone can’t make an informed decision and there really isn’t an option to say “no” to things and still receive care without going somewhere else.
HIPAA also does not require consent to sharing “deidentified” data which has been shown many times to be relatively easy to unmask to discover who the records belong to.
Basically it needs updates from technical and privacy focused people but that’s a hard sell when people don’t really know how things work.
edit: My hack in this case is now to legibly write "Can't see form" as my signature. No one has called me on it yet but I'm dying for the next disputed bill.
I'm sure I signed something authorizing it, in the giant stack of paperwork I filled out along the way, but who reads every word of that nonsense? It's practically designed to overwhelm the patient. I read a lot more of those forms than anyone else I know, but I still have to skim a lot and they're always presented in a high-anxiety environment. No one can or should be expected to pay that much attention to legalese in a doctor's office.