You might imagine so, but that turns out not to be how it works. Each time through there is a chance the particle will be blocked. It doesn't matter how fast in went in, because the mv^2 of a dust mote is tiny at any plausible speed. What matters is that N trips through gives you (1-p)^N probability of not getting caught, which falls off very fast... in fact, exponentially.

A deeper-pleated filter is the way to reduce velocity in traversal.