The word quarantine literally refers to the 40 days a new arrival would be required to spend aboard his ship before disembarking, as early as the 14th century [0]. In Australia, the practice dates to at least the 1830s [1].

Public health gets involved in notifying the partners of STD index cases, with varying degrees of coercion.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarantine

[1] https://theconversation.com/why-are-australians-so-accepting...