The fact that a lot of workers are able to find an employer willing to give them a raise to come work for them indicates that there was perceived unrealized value. If you cannot find a better deal, then that probably means you are operating close to your "true perceived value".

Stocks determine a value by constantly trading on the market. The value is whatever price the asset last sold for.

That is how we end up with our high turnover culture today.

The value is whatever price the asset will sell for today. This is informed by but not determined by the price it was last sold for. This difference is important.

As long as there is disagreement, it's difficult to move forward. Managers could help show where/how value is created by collecting and sharing information.

To understand, explain and illuminate how value is created should be one of the first basic tasks for managers. Part of the purpose is to eliminate as much disagreement with and among "reports".