A realistic dyson sphere is not a single structure held up by mechanical forces. Instead it's an incredibly large number of independent, sail-like panels where the radiative pressure pushing the panel away from the star is equal to the gravitaional pull towards the star, allowing the panel to sustainably "hover." Panels would need some method of active positioning for initial alignment and dealing with variations in radiative pressure, so they can potentially move out of the way of debris. Alternatively, since you have the infrastructure in place for making truly mind boggling numbers of these, you just let them get destroyed and replace them.