If those things are important, citizens would fund these with or without government coercion through violence. Keeping food and restaurants safe is a function of a free market -- nobody would buy from a business that routinely tries to poison their patrons. These arguments are old and they don't hold up.
Sometimes I am stunned with how libertarian some of these comments are. Government is just us, and it is a amazing because it isn't free market. The free market only works when given strong bumer rails to stay between, otherwise it starts taking advantage of the system and causing environmental damage, damage to labor, etc...
The free market can't do a lot of things. It can't provide high quality health care, it can't provide economic protections, it doesn't provide protections for labor, so many things.
The government doesn't just print money to pay for what it needs. It also takes money from it's citizens so that we all pay for what it provides us with.
Inflation isn't controlled by the government anyway, it is also psychological with consumers. There is no group in the government who can set inflation to x, there is a fed that tries to move it the right direction based on what smart people think.
The people create government which creates a platform that creates greater wealth, which the government gets a percentage of through taxes to further improve the platform... repeat.. repeat...
To your 2nd point, money is psychological, that model might happen one day but right now that is not something lenders can get behind. Although you could argue MMT and the current system is headed that way. Taxes are also psychological to help you feel like you are part of the system, and not outside of it.