Note that I didn't put a time frame between when marketing starts and when the sale happens.

You are very correct, marketing can often start years before a sale (and sometimes people never buy at all)

Sure... in the sense that everyone's job at a company is to make profit.

By the same argument you could say that everything is marketing, including designing and making the product. This is true, I guess. You might borrow a mac for a week from a buddy before buying it. Still, making a laptop is generally not described as marketing.