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Re:Imaging Cygnus a at 8.45 GHz with ATA by petschge on Monday August 09, 2021 @10:15AM (#28117111)
The diffraction limit is a well supported theoretical limit that is caused by the wave nature of light. There is ways to get around it in the near field (up to a few ten wavelength away from the source). But in the far field you can not get a perfectly divergence-free finite-width beam. [1] Nor can you focus a beam to a beam waist smaller than about the wavelength.

In practice the situation is even worse and you can't even get the performance that a perfect Gaussian beam would allow. We often express the performance of real beams by a thing called M^2 or beam quality parameter [2]. In some sense is measures how much wider the beam is than it needs to be, and this number is never less than one.

[1] Btw such a beam would have infinite brilliance. [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_squared

Re:Imaging Cygnus a at 8.45 GHz with ATA by moralestapia on Monday August 09, 2021 @11:05AM (#28117841)
>The diffraction limit is a well supported theoretical limit that is caused by the wave nature of light.

That's not written in stone yet, it's a good approximation but still falls down under specific conditions.