There are good journals with a strict vetting process and there are predatory journals where the "peer review" is just a rubber stamp iif you pay the publication fees. And there are many levels in between.

So in an Internet discussion, I try to use "published in a serious peer review journal". But it's very difficult to know if a journal is serious unless you are an specialist in that area.

There are indices that somewhat measure the quality, but for example a citation index or 1.5 is a lot in Math but low in Physics, so you don't know unless you are an specialist in the area.

There are tricks that are useful to detect bad journals, like looking at the rest of the articles published in the journal. A lot of single author articles is a red flag. Weird titles like "Using General relativity to prove that Sunspots are Conscious" is another red flag.