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Re:U.S. to add ‘X’ gender marker on passports by kube-system on Wednesday July 07, 2021 @11:10AM (#27762009)
Your question reads as disingenuous. In the case that you aren't: Sex can be determined biologically. Gender has a significant social component, and can't be determined through biology. For example: "Why is lipstick in the women's department at the store?" is not a question that can be answered through biology.

However, if you want examples of non-binary sex, that exists too: it's called intersex.

Re:U.S. to add ‘X’ gender marker on passports by rm8x on Wednesday July 07, 2021 @11:32AM (#27762256)
Intersex people are male or female. Male/female comes down to gametes and intersex does not somehow prove that biological sex is a spectrum.
Re:U.S. to add ‘X’ gender marker on passports by brandmeyer on Wednesday July 07, 2021 @11:57AM (#27762548)
"rare" doesn't mean "never". Caster Semenya is an Olympic candidate who is getting disqualified from some women's racing events because she is intersex and has just a little bit too much biological masculinity to compete as a woman.
Re:U.S. to add ‘X’ gender marker on passports by bloak on Wednesday July 07, 2021 @12:13PM (#27762753)
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersex

I don't think anyone's claiming that "biological sex is a spectrum", but some people "do not fit the typical definitions for male or female bodies". Some are born with ambiguous external genitalia, but there are also people who look completely female while having male (XY) chromosomes. Since various distinct medical conditions are involved, it doesn't make sense to call it a "spectrum" even from a medical point of view.

Re:U.S. to add ‘X’ gender marker on passports by pseudalopex on Wednesday July 07, 2021 @12:34PM (#27762991)
Spectrum doesn't mean 1 dimensional.
Re:U.S. to add ‘X’ gender marker on passports by pseudalopex on Wednesday July 07, 2021 @12:02PM (#27762620)
Some people don't produce gametes.
Re:U.S. to add ‘X’ gender marker on passports by kube-system on Wednesday July 07, 2021 @12:14PM (#27762773)
The scope of the biological study of sex is, in fact, broader than the presence of a Y chromosome.