Yes, and for longer trips, besides the high speed trains, there are (were) also night trains, but for some reasons most of them were canceled (and/or the prices became less and less competitive), an old thread about this:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19557848

Maybe they will start to organize a few more of these trains, the level of stress was so much lower on (overnight) trains when compared to planes when moving in Europe.