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Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by kortex on Monday June 21, 2021 @08:42PM (#27586572)
If you have one piece of rotten meat in a perfect stew, you still have a disgusting dish. Good sensor fused with garbage in is still garbage in. That was one of the major points of the talk - the vision-only system is more accurate than the one with other modalities thrown in, even though the latter has more data. We intuit that the fusion network should just learn to ignore the bad sensor when it's unreliable, but this rarely happens in practice.

If anything, knowing when to reliably ignore a sensor modality is the kind of intuition more associated with general AI.

A similar paradox occurs when trying to fuse multispectral imagery. You'd think early fusion of RGB and IR would be better since it gives the higher-resolution filters access to more data, but it does worse than late fusion. My understanding is that late fusion forces the network to "work harder" to solve object detection using IR only, and then once you've wrung what you can out, then you fuse with RGB detections.

Since radar is "one pixel" there's essentially only one object detector possible: object or nothing. If yes-object, fusion tries really hard to make sense of the RGB filters to figure out what partial detection looks like an object, which is almost always a false positive.

Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by stefan_ on Monday June 21, 2021 @09:13PM (#27586828)
You have fallen victim to the trap that this video so perfectly laid out for you. Tesla used the mmWave radar that has been in cars forever since it's a good way to do emergency braking and things like adaptive cruise control, particularly when you are a new company and you need these capabilities on your luxury sedan from day one. Now that they are much further along in their FSD efforts, they realize this mmWave radar isn't very helpful anymore. Cool, but nobody else was using it to begin with. LIDAR is totally and utterly different sensor technology.
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by sumnuyungi on Monday June 21, 2021 @09:37PM (#27586985)
Didn't Andrej show examples of emergency braking and how poorly radar performed v. vision?
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by ra7 on Monday June 21, 2021 @09:44PM (#27587040)
He showed how poorly their outdated radar performed. The rest of the industry uses newer, vastly superior radars.
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by sumnuyungi on Monday June 21, 2021 @09:49PM (#27587085)
What radar did Tesla use? What does the rest of the industry use?
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by ra7 on Monday June 21, 2021 @09:59PM (#27587148)
They are using Continental 2D radars from 2014. The rest of the SDC industry uses what is called 4D high resolution imaging radars. That's why Teslas have poor performance like phantom braking under bridges.
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by jiofih on Tuesday June 22, 2021 @03:35AM (#27588981)
What models on the market use 4D imaging radars? All info I can find shows products releases in the past 1-2 years for future vehicles.
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by ra7 on Tuesday June 22, 2021 @04:00AM (#27589122)
https://arberobotics.com/product/ is one. It was rumored Tesla themselves wanted to use Arbe radars, but evidently they have ditched the plan and gone radar less. I think AutoX from China is planning to use Arbe as well.

Waymo has its own custom developed 4D imaging radar and I imagine most of the other SDC players have their own versions.

Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by jiofih on Tuesday June 22, 2021 @01:22PM (#27594430)
Sounds like “none”.
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by ra7 on Tuesday June 22, 2021 @01:45PM (#27594735)
None what? I just gave you an example of Waymo using 4D imaging radar [1]. Aurora also uses imaging radar [2], Mobileye as well [3]. AutoX is going to start using Arbe radars. All of them are leading players in SDC industry.

[1] https://blog.waymo.com/2020/03/introducing-5th-generation-wa...

[2] https://aurora.tech/technology/driver

[3] https://www.mobileye.com/blog/radar-lidar-next-generation-ac...

Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by jiofih on Wednesday June 23, 2021 @08:38AM (#27603765)
You said “everyone else” besides Tesla uses 4D radar, and “that's why Teslas have poor performance like phantom braking”. But there are zero production vehicles on the road using this tech right now.
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by ra7 on Wednesday June 23, 2021 @09:05AM (#27604078)
I said “The rest of the SDC industry uses 4D radars” in a follow up comment, which clarifies I don’t mean car manufacturers.

Given this post is about radar usage in self driving and how Tesla/Karpathy touts their capabilities, I compare them to other SDC players, not other car manufacturers who are not in the game. And their SDC competitors are running away because they have the newer 4D radars.

Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by jiofih on Wednesday June 23, 2021 @06:05PM (#27611089)
Well, until these are actually adopted by a car company and out on the road, any claims about performance are meaningless. Your original comment implied Tesla chose to use inferior tech compare to the market which is not true in the slightest.
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by ra7 on Wednesday June 23, 2021 @06:20PM (#27611269)
> Your original comment implied Tesla chose to use inferior tech compare to the market which is not true in the slightest.

Only if you don’t consider Waymo, Cruise, Mobileye and others as Tesla competitors.

Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by sajacy on Wednesday June 23, 2021 @11:12PM (#27613488)
Technical yet casual readers on HN will compare Tesla to other car manufacturers before CV programs in self-driving startups.

+1 to the other commenter (grandparent comment).

Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by opsya4 on Wednesday June 30, 2021 @09:39AM (#27688366)
As a radar engineer, I am not happy about repeating hearsay discussions.

Radar has a range resolution and an angular resolution. Andrej completely omitted this fundamental aspect in his talk.

In my humble opinion, Andrej needs a real Radar engineer in his group before making such a statement in his talk.

Nobody can be smart for all topics, which makes all humble also.

Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by bobsomers on Monday June 21, 2021 @10:41PM (#27587352)
> That was one of the major points of the talk - the vision-only system is more accurate than the one with other modalities thrown in, even though the latter has more data. We intuit that the fusion network should just learn to ignore the bad sensor when it's unreliable, but this rarely happens in practice.

This makes some important assumptions, namely that Tesla built a lidar and radar perception pipelines and sensor fusion of equivalent quality to their competitors, and then decided they were unnecessary.

Given that their competitors have shown substantially better perception than Tesla, and that Tesla has a significant economic incentive to deliver autonomous driving on a sensor suite that already shipped years ago, I find that difficult to believe. Did Tesla build good enough perception to dismiss lidar and radar purely on their merits. Unlikely I think. Did an intern build a student-quality lidar pipeline that "proved" Elon's camera-first approach is the right one? More likely.

Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by jiofih on Tuesday June 22, 2021 @03:37AM (#27588993)
Karpathy joined Tesla way before they ditched radar. You’re saying it’s more likely that he based his work on a “student-quality” prototype?
Re:Andrej Karpathy (Tesla): CVPR 2021 Workshop on Autonomous... by aaaxyz on Monday June 21, 2021 @09:13PM (#27586830)
>We intuit that the fusion network should just learn to ignore the bad sensor when it's unreliable, but this rarely happens in practice.

That sounds like a problem with the network's architecture and not the data itself