Firstly, testosterone has been implicated as the cause: “A few [institutionalised men] were forcibly castrated as part of their ‘treatment’. Like the Korean eunuchs, they too lived for longer than the average inmate – but only if they had been sterilised before the age of 15.”
Secondly: “female chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, and gibbons also consistently outlive the males of the group”.
Additionally, I have read that women having XX chromosomes and either one or the other X chromosome is active in each cell (a kind of chimerism) which has been though to provide more resiliency.
Firstly, your numbers are meaningless without context (we all die eh!?)
More importantly, work might be a small factor but other factors are believed to be more important.
From https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20151001-why-women-live-l... are two points:
Firstly, testosterone has been implicated as the cause: “A few [institutionalised men] were forcibly castrated as part of their ‘treatment’. Like the Korean eunuchs, they too lived for longer than the average inmate – but only if they had been sterilised before the age of 15.”
Secondly: “female chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, and gibbons also consistently outlive the males of the group”.
Additionally, I have read that women having XX chromosomes and either one or the other X chromosome is active in each cell (a kind of chimerism) which has been though to provide more resiliency.
Edited: made writing clearer.