In embedded almost everybody uses efficient binary delta diffs and patching for DFOTA (delta firmware over the air update). Jojodiff exists as GPL and MIT variants.
http://jojodiff.sourceforge.net/
https://github.com/janjongboom/janpatch
Rsync is also very popular, even if not that efficient. xdelta, bsdiff, BDelta, bdiff are all crap.
LRzip happens to have such a format preprocessor that would make for exceedingly efficient binary history at cost of being more similar to git pack file than incremental versions.
Then again, GitHub in particular sets a very low limit on binary size in version control.