A SSD that presents as a traditional hard-drive style block storage device can't shrink itself on the fly without causing catastrophic software problems. The least bad way to implement such behavior would be for the highest-numbered LBAs to be removed first, which means your backup partition table is first to disappear, then you start encountering filesystem corruption.

A zoned SSD has an explicit mechanism for the drive retiring zones from service and making them read-only or completely inaccessible. But it's not currently practical to use a zoned storage device as the primary or sole storage in a system; at a minimum you need a regular block device or namespace to boot an OS from.