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Re:Launch Your App: Why We Don’t Use Docker (We Don’t Need It) by nine_k on Sunday April 25, 2021 @06:19PM (#26937265)
Docker for Windows is a thing, and it does run Windows binaries natively.

So you can publish for two platforms.

Java is still a good way to have bulletproof cross-platform experience, but JRE is sort of large. JDK 10 or 11, IIRC, allows to package your code, only the needed parts of stdlib, and the VM into a reasonably lean self-contained executable.

Re:Launch Your App: Why We Don’t Use Docker (We Don’t Need It) by nicoburns on Sunday April 25, 2021 @06:23PM (#26937290)
Rust/Go are much better at than Java. You do need a separate binary for each platform which makes it slightly more of a pain for the maintainer to setup CI, but it's much more convenient for the end user.