The check whether a token is a number happens before the check whether a token is a name, as evinced by both the source code and a trivial debugger session.

You are conflating the fact that there is an order to the rules with a strawman that the rules _must_ be evaluated in a specific order. All of the quotes you pulled are facts (Python checks if a token is a number before it checks if it is a name, Python checks if a token is a literal before it checks if it is a name, and the rules are not evaluated concurrently), but your strawman is making a different claim.