Uber's article focuses on binary size, but the App Store 309mb number is app bundle size. 120mb of this is not coming from the binary. I have a breakdown of this here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25380198

App size can be measured in many ways like download size, install size, binary size, thinned size. I wrote about the most important ones here: https://docs.emergetools.com/docs/what-is-app-size