So for example, if I say "We tried Scrum, and it didn't work," and some evangelist tries to defend the project and says "You did it wrong," that is not the same as when I say, "We tried Scrum, our Team was fine, but the Product Owner did it wrong and that's why we failed."
I can't speak to what you've heard, but I certainly have heard a lot of the former, to the point where I reply to all such discussions with a pointer to the No True Scotsman fallacy:
"Agile works."
"No it doesn't, we tried it and failed."
"You did it wrong."
Compare and contrast to:
"Scotsmen are cheap bastards, Ne'er would you catch one standing a round."
"Hamish just bought me a dram of Lagavulin."
"Hamish may have Scots parents, but he lives in Toronto. No True Scotsman would stand a round."
If a project that uses Agile fails, the participants have no incentive to blame each other.
If a project that uses Waterfall fails, the participants have an incentive to blame each other.
Because Waterfall in the failure case gives people an incentive to blame each other, it's a poorer methodology than Agile.
If I haven't confused your argument, then the weakness is that you have not shown that Agile is a methodology in which people have no incentive (or ability) to blame each other if the project fails.
I might have confused the issue by trying to draw a distinction between blaming the process from the inside and from the outside. My claim is that it is much easier to blame a process if you aren't a participant in a failing process. For this reason, it is easier to evangelize a new process of any type as a consultant or as a new face than it is if you are an old hand who may be accused of having been a cause of previous failures.
I think this second point is true of any process.
What promises do developers and stakeholders make to each other in the methodology? How do you define "failure" and given that definition, how do you establish a causal relationship between an individual and the result?
I'm sorry, but measured against the number of times I've heard the phrase "Doing Agile Wrong", this sound disingenuous.