If I have an byte-array, I can do none of these things short of implementing a good chunk of Unicode. If I truncate, I risk ending up with an invalid UTF-8 string. End of story.
Basically, I believe the point here is that a Unicode aware truncation should be done in a Unicode aware truncate method. There is no good reason to parse a string as UTF-8 ahead of time - just keep it as a blob of bytes until you need to do some something "texty" with it. It is the truncate-at-word-boundaries() method that should interpret the bytes as UTF-8 and fail if they are not valid. Why parse it sooner?
Yes, and? You can have an invalid sequence of Unicode code points too, such as an unpaired surrogate (something Python's text model actually abuses to store "invalid Unicode" in a special, non-standard way).
If you truncate at the byte level, you are just truncating "between code points"; it's a closer granularity than at the code point layer, so you can also convert to NFC, truncate on word boundaries, etc. You just need to ignore the parts of the UTF-8 string that are invalid; which isn't difficult, because UTF-8 is self-synchronizing.
Having "accents fall off" has gotten people murdered [0]. Accents aren't things peppered in for effect, they turn letters into different letters, spelling different words. Analogously, imagine that a bunch of software accidentally turned every "d" into a "c" because some committee halfway around the world decided "d" should be composed of the "c" and "|" glyphs. That's the kind of text corruption that regularly happens in other languages when dealing with text at the code point layer.
[0] https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=73 . Note that this is Turkish, which has the "dotted i" problem, meaning that this was more than likely a .toupper() gone wrong rather than a truncation issue.