If I was interviewing you and you told me "my current company has very bad development practices" and then gave me a list of all the things you think they are doing wrong and all the ways it could improve, I'd probably be really impressed. Then I'd ask you why you don't change those things, and I would hope you'd tell me a story about how you tried to change it but got blocked, or maybe small changes you are making to make things better.

This would tell me that you're really engaged, up to date on the latest methods, and motivated to make things around you better.

Good advice. Also: don't blame the people around you for why you couldn't fix something. Even if it's because your manager was a short-sighted idiot, or the senior engineer on your team was jealously guarding his territory, you don't have to say that in the interview. See if you can reframe it in a more blame-neutral way.

For example, if you couldn't remove a bad pattern because it was too deeply entrenched for you to handle it yourself, and you couldn't get anyone more senior interested: that's expected for a junior developer and probably wouldn't be held against you.

I've actually asked this question in an interview before to a candidate. "Is there anything about the process you work in now that you would change, and how would you do it differently?"

That sounds not great. Two years into your career you need a better experience and great mentors. Get any job that is writing code. What's great is that you're only two years in, I see people like this 10 years into their career. They get laid off and can't find a job because they don't have any skills others value;

I am sure this will just get buried, but you could consider searching for a company that appreciates honesty.

You can talk about wanting more ownership. That can include talking about working closely with end users and making long term design decisions.