It rather smashed their attempt to economically open up Saudi Arabia to new forms of investment, at least for a decade. MBS had tried to set up a whirlwind effort to establish a 'new' Saudi Arabia and was spending a lot of money and effort to lure large investors to partner with. His 2018 tour of Silicon Valley, meeting with prominent tech players, wouldn't be possible post Khashoggi, those people stopped taking meetings with MBS afterward. Eventually the potentcy of that story will fade of course.