Which at one point gets compiled to machine code. At one point, you have to stop and say, "Yeah, this does effectively runs TypeScript", otherwise as I said, you'll end up saying nothing gets run but machine code. While that's correct, not very useful.

I think the key point in this case is that the performance characteristics of Deno don't significantly differ from TypeScript independently transpiled to JavaScript and run in Node because the compilation pipeline is more or less the same (Deno is using tsc and v8 internally)

I think the distinction will hold when you can access type information at runtime

Why? Haskell doesn't even have runtime type information. So what would you call the stuff that runs after I compile my Haskell code? Not-Haskell?