It’s a smaller scale (and a different structure) but I recently bought a Vango Project Hydrogen tent which uses a single “air beam” as its main structure instead of poles. Actually there is still 1 small pole involved but it’s not part of the main structure.

That’s done to save weight whilst being more resistant to being deformed by the wind.

I wonder if that could be taken further with these small cushions to provide insulation as well as structure as you suggest?