http://www.siliconbeat.com/2008/01/11/microsoft-beware-steph...
...then you make them a high-valued member of your senior leadership team...
http://www.crunchbase.com/person/stephen-elop
...then when opportunity strikes and Nokia tries to buy him away you set up an under-the-table quid-pro-quo deal that would, one presumes, dwarf the $6m signing bonus Nokia gave him:
http://siliconangle.com/blog/2011/03/11/stephen-elop-of-noki...
Sure, it's just conjecture, but it's not implausible.
The far simpler explanation is that if Elop is going to make a big bet with Nokia, he feels safer doing it with MSFT (who need Nokia, and where he knows people) than Google (who don't, and where he doesn't).
Edit to reply below: your probability analysis ignores Elop's improbable behavior as described by hollerith above. And, again, this is not my explanation (this conjecture was all over threads discussing the deal the day it was announced). I'm not even saying that I buy into it, although I do have to acknowledge that people involved with deals in the billions of dollars are seldom strangers to opportunism.
The Nokia board fired the previous CEO because, well, his pet strategy was failing. So some kind of radical shakeup was needed. The two most obvious alternatives were “get in bed with Microsoft” and “get in bed with Google”. While Google doesn’t need Nokia’s help promoting Android, Microsoft desperately needs some major player to support Windows Mobile. Therefore Nokia is in a better negotiating position w.r.t. Microsoft than w.r.t. Google.
Interestingly, this may be his specialty: check out his movements preceding the sale of Macromedia to Adobe.