Honestly I have no idea, sorry. I would love to think they were donated but I'm pretty sure they wouldn't be. All guessing.

nobody wants donated clothes anymore.

Can COVID survive a washing machine? It should be fine, as long as you wash them in my opinion.

If you wash them and then leave them to dry for a few days, that should be safe. The virus dies when exposed to fresh air; how quickly, that depends on temperature (a few days in winter, a few hours in summer), but err on the side of safety and give it a week. The high temperature of the washing machine, the soap, and drying for a few days, all of them combined should kill the virus almost certainly.

Also, you don't need to literally kill all virus particles. Reducing their number already reduces the probability of getting sick. A certain amount is needed to attack you successfully; a lonely virus particle is mostly harmless. Also, the virus cannot enter your body by being in the clothes your wear, only if you touch the clothes and then your mouth/nose/eyes.

tl;dr - yes, if you wash the clothes and leave them dry for a few days, it is safe

I'm not talking about cleanliness. I'm talking about the fact that most items fall apart and new items are so cheap that used items are getting less and less desirable. There's been articles on here about the way the used clothing industry has imploded over the last decade. There might still be some thrift shop usage, but the longer tail that allowed retailers to offload the majority of donations is disappearing.