After programming for 10 years, nothing really makes you feel you haven't programmed before. I have found that even looking into entirely different programming paradigms, beginner material does not resonate with me, essentially what i would want when approaching something entirely new would be X for Y programmers.

This isn't exactly what you're looking for, but it has brief cheat sheet type treatments for many languages. It assumes you know the common programming language features, but want to know how they're done in a particular language.

https://learnxinyminutes.com/

Not particularly. JavaScript still runs on computers, and the broad concepts are transferrable. Like, I don't need to know how loops work, but an intro video will probably talk about that. Or even something more complicated like promises. If you've done concurrent programming before, you won't be surprised. After a certain point, truly, all that's old is new again. All that changes is the syntax.

Monads are hard, though. ;)

No. If you really understand what you’re doing, which after 10 years you should, picking up a new framework or library is quick. You might not be writing the most idiomatic code after 3 days, but you’ll do fine.

If however you have 1 year of experience 10 times, then yes it’s an almost insurmountable challenge.