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Re:Japan facing credit card number shortage by mjlee on Tuesday August 25, 2020 @05:05PM (#24276094)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm describes the way the check digit is calculated.
Re:Japan facing credit card number shortage by bausano_michael on Tuesday August 25, 2020 @09:14PM (#24278054)
ISBN also uses last digit as a check digit:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_...