On the contrary: If I'm (in industry) doing a code review and see simple, obvious mistakes like infinite loops, obvious null pointer exceptions, ignored compiler warnings, etc., in my mind it casts a good deal of doubt over the entire code. If the author is so careless with these obvious errors, what else is he/she being careless about?

Same with grammatical or spelling errors. I don't review research but I do review resumes, and I've seen atrocious spelling on resumes. Here's the candidate's first chance to make an impression. They have all the time in the world to proofread, hone, and have other eyes edit it. Yet, they still miss obvious mistakes. If hired, will their work product also be sloppy?