> (the reason was not always disclosed, but some recruiters did explicitly tell her that it was because of her Hijab). Which is different from the UK and other European countries from what I have been told.

That's because the French culture does not work on the same basis as the UK and northern european countries. The french society strongly goes towards integration and not multiculturalism.

It has a lot of deep consequences in the society, starting that people expect you to identify and behave as French, regardless of your background, skin color or anything else.

This means you will really be treated as a local from day one and just a small racist minority will really care about your background. But it also means as a double edged sword that if people perceive that you reject this identity, they will think that you are rejecting the society and will react negatively.

> That's because the French culture does not work on the same basis as the UK and northern european countries.

That's really interesting to know. I wish such labels (strong integration vs multiculturalism) were more explicit, like part of an "identity card" for countries.

Do you know what the root of this cultural difference is? Historically, has it always been present?

France has a culture of "universalism" which dates back to the Lumières period which can be seen as one of the roots to this attitude.

This cultural tendency is very visible when you compare the way France handled colonies compared to the UK : France tended to impose its value to "enlighten" colonised countries, while the UK srayed much more in the realms of economic exploitation without getting so involved in trying to impose british culture and values.

The underlying assumption is if you wear a hijab, you're not integrated.

I honestly feel like this is just religious discrimation with extra steps.

But then your underlying assumption is that religion isn’t part of cultural integration. Why is religion separate from culture? I would say it’s a subset of culture.

What about your name? Do you have to give that up too to culturally integrate? I'm sure you've seen the articles about CVs rejected by French firms for having Jewish and Muslim names:

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2015/11/2...

That absolutely sucks, and does put the rejections in a bad light, but names don’t directly affect your behavior. Religion is different in that regard.

> What about your name? Do you have to give that up too to culturally integrate?

In the past you had that too yes, your name was transformed into a French equivalent.

- I mean freedom of religion is a human right.

- So In a majority christian state, is it ok to discriminate against jews?

I guess you could say freedom of religion is a human right but it's not a human right to be culturally integrated. And so you could absolutely be required to give up that freedom in order to integrate, in the same way your workplace may require you to be at your office and do certain things, which is clearly not a violation of your freedom.

> - So In a majority christian state, is it ok to discriminate against jews?

People would still be discriminated for wearing a big cross in France as well, it's just not that common.

that was not my question.

and wearing a giant cross is not mandatory in christianity.

I'm South Asian, grew up in Switzerland, live in the U.S. now and this is the same impression I have of non-UK European countries. Minorities aren't getting beaten up in the streets but there's silent racism in employment. What my mother tells me is that you'll never rise above a certain level in most companies, there's a glass ceiling keeping minorities out. Of course there are exceptions but they're rare.