Overpayment in credit card terms is typically when you pay more than the full balance, not more than the minimum payment. Getting a refund under the given circumstances (1500 on a 15k bill with a 150 min pay) might be possible from some lenders, but would almost certainly involve a lot of time on the phone with customer service reps.
Yes if you had exceeded your minimum payment: https://www.fool.com/the-ascent/credit-cards/articles/overpa...