Would you say that this very site - Hacker News - is using this type of "components"?
Realistically, people were probably doing the same with perl scripts before that.
And any definition of component is going to find it hard to exclude standard html elements, other than by specifying that it's users being able to define new ones, and not just browser vendors.
Incidentally, CSS was the original implementations of user-defined components: it allows defining certain behaviours once, for a "class" or group of similar elements, then using it repeatedly.
I don't have the feeling that what he really means with "Inline CSS works better in a component world" is "Inline CSS is the better choice since the 90s".
Your question is slightly nonsensical, because components are not a design language, and it's not something you can see by looking at a rendered web page. To know whether Hacker News is using components, I would need to look at the source code, because components are a programming paradigm.
If you're asking me to comb through HN's JavaScript to see if they use that paradigm, well, no thank you.
This definitely leads me to believe that
you don't have much experience with modern
web frameworks
Here we go again. It would have suited the discussion even better if you said "it is definitely self evident".That's all, nobody else in this particular thread said anything about whether that means inline styles is the way to go.
You might want to post your question to the author of the blog post, or as a top-level question.
I think the author is justified in saying that designing with components in web development has become self-evidently better than not. All new web frameworks are component-based. Web Components were added to HTML. Pretty much all web developers agree on this.
Are you a web developer? Do you disagree that the benefits of components in web programming are self-evident? If so, that is definitely surprising to me, and probably to the author.