I don’t know, but lots of people seem to think that social networks can be used to manipulate elections.

>Is there any framework for independent review whether something is a genuine threat?

I'm not sure whether that would help. Both sides are pretty anti-china atm.

When a country say another country/company is a threat. Does it need a framework? It is all politics.

Many believe that this is the mechanism by which the Trump administration is using to remove Chinese influence from TikTok rather than the cause.

It’s easier to legally justify than proving the ‘security threat’ of TikTok giving the Chinese government users data.