Provide them access to the education you received (starting with primary school, not college).
Prevent their exploitation by the companies. Especially those that we often work for!
I would bet a better effect can be realized by investing in public education at the primary-high school levels. Make teacher salaries competitive with engineers. Enable all schools to have the equipment and teacher qualities they need.
The main issue in the world at the moment is income inequality, the things that you are listing stem from that, you can't fix education inequality without first addressing the income issue - UBI proposes that we tackle the source of the problem rather than trying to patch things up downstream
I'm assuming you accept that the poor are getting poorer and the wealthy are getting wealthier - how do you propose to stop that without UBI?
I do agree with the regulating capitalism better part. I just wish I had a better idea than repeating Paris 1794.