Your last line: "But, the communication and coordination isn't between all 1,000 developers." Deserves more than one upvote - in any successful large scale project, the programmers work in very small groups, often just pairs, and interact with other groups mainly through the code-base itself. I am tempted to say almost exclusively through the code. That is why open source works as well as it does; if management actually added much value, linux could not be as useful as it is. In fact, I suspect management often is a negative factor; when large commercial projects work it is the result of superior design, and their ability to maintain adherence to the design, which is when management does add value.