My advice would be to try to refactor the jQuery app to reduce global state first. For example, use ASTs and other techniques to programmatically determine what global state is used where. Think of it not as “porting” to React, but more as ‘re-writing in React” — the sooner you can finish the rewrite, the better. Take it in smaller, thin, but global (across the whole app) steps, and work to break the app dependencies back down to separate components — this is especially true for CSS, which historically has been global by design for much of its life...
If shipping during a rewrite, make sure you have some very basic tests running. Try to implementation-agnostically look for and click text or otherwise use the web app in your tests, then run the tests before and after making widespread changes... Use screenshots from the tests to quickly visually scan for errors. Pay attention to errors in browser consoles also, if not using TypeScript to its fullest yet.
Asp.net Core is cross platform, has a self hosted https server called Kestrel that is insanely fast, has a really sensible composition of middleware, built in DI, and a strong community. Hangfire is a great job runner, signalr is available with real-time push over web sockets, identity server 4 can handle all your Authn/Authz and Entity Framework Core + Linq is very powerful and a lot faster than the full framework version.
My team is doing exactly this on my initiative and seeing some positive effects already, even though we're only like 2% of the way there. Would you mind expanding on what you think is futile about it? I wouldn't want to be the one advocating something that with hindsight will look obviously stupid.