Yes, kinda. It's called "bona fide occupational qualification". The law states that you may discriminate so long as (race, sex, national origin, etc...) "is a bona fide occupational qualification reasonably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business or enterprise"

Seems like we could refactor the law to just state this: You can only discriminate on bona fide qualifications.

https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/bona_fide_occupational_quali...