The more I think about this the more I feel is thst we have it wrong. I think what they have is focus. I think what we have is distractions by virtue of seeking things thst improves us and on the internet there are so many of them that one may be all over the place. He who chases two rabbits catches none.
A Musk quote that stuck with me came in the midst of one of his Twitter escapades wherein he was regularly attacked for seemingly erratic, likely sleep-deprived statements. He came across as very defensive to a reporter who asked him if he felt he could accept criticism. He responded, "How do you think rockets get into space?" He may not be so concerned about how Wall Street perceives his character, but when it comes to SpaceX, and likely all of his serious endeavors, he's relentlessly critical of solutions.
Hacker News is just one source to get ideas, learn new things and practice rational thinking. Folks around here are more than happy to help hone your skills. If you can carry that into daily life, you'll catch a rabbit or two.
Combine that with the genetic lotto—born in the right place at the right time in to the right family—and a fairly random dose of luck—right idea at the right time.
And there’s a statistical side to it too: only about one in one hundred people can be in to top 1%, and the Musks / Buffets / Grahams of the day world are more rare still.
They did what they had to do for the realities of their time.
One could write numerous contentless blog posts about how they did or didn’t contribute to their success.
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/18/why-elon-musk-wants-his-empl...
What's interesting, and I didn't know this until I scanned this article, is that Reed Hastings also uses a First Principles approach. I mentioned my stock picks got better. I bought TSLA in 2012 and NFLX in 2013.
For Paul Graham, his body of essays is a great source for how he thinks through problem solving in general, and he takes on more than just science or tech related topics:
http://www.paulgraham.com/articles.html
Since you mentioned Warren Buffet, any of his annual shareholder letters is a good source:
https://www.berkshirehathaway.com/letters/letters.html
He's a sample from 2009:
"From the start, Charlie and I have believed in having a rational and unbending standard for measuring what we have – or have not – accomplished. That keeps us from the temptation of seeing where the arrow of performance lands and then painting the bull’s eye around it."