Your example is dead wrong. I run Gnome and my language shortcut is CapsLock. I used the Tweaks configuration software which is part of Gnome (it is the one you are supposed to use for more invasive configuration).

I do find Gnome plenty configurable. You just need to go in order of Settings -> Tweaks -> their weird registry -> custom extensions. I would agree this is convoluted, but I do not mind it (as a power user it took me 5 minutes to google how to do it, while it probably makes sense to have only the first state (Settings) visible by default).

Yup, you can all the miracles in the console, BUT reread the parent comment

> I find gnome to be pretty configurable. The opinionated defaults aren’t so bad because you can just replace the environment if you dislike it

IT'S NOT CONFIGURABLE. You can hack your way around their "opinionated defaults" which are for MacOS user from USA.

Take a look at the KDE's settings for this case https://i.stack.imgur.com/ukKmp.png

There is no reason to google, install some tool and mess with it.

The examples from the OP are configurable from Tweaks which is a GUI. No hacks, command line use, or third-party installs. In particular, the equivalent to the screen shot you showed is available from Gnome's Tweak tool.

FYI, the Gnome Tweaks interface is basically identical to the KDE settings here.

Screenshot: http://pvv.org/~jabirali/tweaks.png

You do understand that them being extensions means they are not part of GNOME.

You picked the 4th stage but conveniently skipped all 3 tools that precede it. The Tweaks tool is a GUI that is a part of Gnome and it deals with the examples that OP raised.

You must be really new to Linux. I mean, wow.

This is a rather childish way to respond to my comment... What is the point of being antagonizing like this? How do you see the conversation progressing or what point are you trying to make?

For context, I have used Linux and other Unixes for 14ish years, spanning the spectrum from embedded devices to supercomputers, with (or without) a variety of graphical shells.